Existentialism is a philosophical movement that emphasizes individual freedom and choice. It is a way of thinking about human existence and the human condition. One of the most well-known subfields of existentialism is atheistic existentialism, which emphasizes that there is no inherent meaning or purpose in life.
The father of atheistic existentialism is Jean-Paul Sartre, a French philosopher, playwright, and novelist. Sartre was born in 1905 in Paris and lived through both World War I and II. His experiences during these wars had a profound impact on his philosophical views.
Sartre believed that humans are fundamentally free but that this freedom also creates anxiety. He argued that individuals must create their own meaning and purpose in life because there is no inherent meaning or purpose to existence.
One of Sartre’s most famous works is his play “No Exit,” which explores the idea of hell as being other people. In this play, three characters are trapped in a room together for eternity, unable to escape each other’s gaze or judgment.
Sartre also wrote extensively about ethics and morality, arguing that individuals must take responsibility for their actions because there is no higher power or authority to dictate what is right or wrong.
In addition to his philosophical writings, Sartre was also involved in politics and was a vocal supporter of Marxism. He became an icon of the French left-wing intellectual movement during the 1950s and 1960s.
Sartre died in 1980 but his ideas continue to influence contemporary philosophy and culture. His emphasis on individual freedom and responsibility has resonated with many people around the world who seek to create their own meaning in life.
In conclusion, Jean-Paul Sartre is known as the father of atheistic existentialism due to his contributions to the field through his works on freedom, responsibility, ethics, morality, politics and culture. His philosophies have been widely studied and continue to inspire people to think critically about the meaning and purpose of their lives.